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File Processing Systems
Even the earliest business computer systems were used to process business records and produce information. They were generally faster and more accurate than equivalent manual systems. These systems stored groups of records in separate files, and so they were called file processing systems. Although file processing systems are a great improvement over manual systems, they do have the following limitations:
Data is separated and isolated.
Data is often duplicated.
Application programs are dependent on file formats.
It is difficult to represent complex objects using file processing systems. Data is separate and isolated. Recall that as the marketing manager you needed to relate sales data to customer data. Somehow you need to extract data from both the CUSTOMER and ORDER files and combine it into a single file for processing. To do this, computer programmers determine which parts of each of the files are needed. Then they determine how the files are related to one another, and finally they coordinate the processing of the files so the correct data is extracted. This data is then used to produce the information. Imagine the problems of extracting data from ten or fifteen files instead of just two! Data is often duplicated. In the record club example, a member’s name, address, and membership number are stored in both files. Although this duplicate data wastes a small amount of file space, that is not the most serious problem with duplicate data. The major problem concerns data integrity. A collection of data has integrity if the data is logically consistent. This means, in part, that duplicated data items agree with one another. Poor data integrity often develops in file processing systems. If a member were to change his or her name or address, then all files containing that data need to be updated. The danger lies in the risk that all files might not be updated, causing discrepancies between the files. Data integrity problems are serious. If data items differ, inconsistent results will be produced. A report from one application might disagree with a report from another application. At least one of them will be incorrect, but who can tell which one? When this occurs, the credibility of the stored data comes into question. Application programs are dependent on file formats. In file processing systems, the physical formats of files and records are entered in the application programs that process the files. In COBOL, for example, file formats are written in the DATA DIVISION. The problem with this arrangement is that changes in file formats result in program updates. For example, if the Customer record were modified to expand the ZIP Code field from five to nine digits, all programs that use the Customer record need to be modified, even if they do not use the ZIP Code field. There might be twenty programs that process the CUSTOMER file. A change like this one means that a programmer needs to identify all the affected programs, then modify and retest them. This is both time consuming and error-prone. It is also very frustrating to have to modify programs that do not even use the field whose format changed. It is difficult to represent complex objects using file processing systems. This last weakness of file processing systems may seem a bit theoretical, but it is an important shortcoming.
Some things you should know about dedicated servers
Therefore should you acquire a dedicated server for your firm? This is going to be a common question on your mind as your business continues to grow. With almost everything in this world getting gradually digitalized, you are going to feel a rising need to secure the data which is important to your company. Exactly how do dedicated servers work and do you require one as well? If you are a company owner or manager then this dilemma could possibly give you a whole lot of headaches. Teaching yourself on dedicated servers and what purpose they have within the business world may at some point provide you with an answer, however as you clearly don’t have time for this, it might help if you used just a moment of your time to read this article through and get familiarized with dedicated servers and what they can do for your company.
Compared with usual shared web hosting solutions, the dedicated server will allow you to own the entire server. Because of this the server is only dedicated to you and you don’t need to share it with someone else. You have a wide variety of dedicated server sorts to choose from, but you should not actually buy one before you know for sure that your organization has to have one.
If you are pondering having a dedicated server for your business, then my guess is that you possess a business website. By checking out your day-to-day internet use you could tell if your company really needs a dedicated server or not. A good hint that you have to shift to a dedicated server is in case you have more than 3,000 visitors on a daily basis. If your current hosting solution can not manage all of the site visitors you receive each day then you might detect slow downs on your site.
When you have completed the research and decided that maybe a dedicated server is what is ideal for you as well as your business, you need to determine just what kind. You will require to opt between managed and unmanaged dedicated servers, the two important types. If you go for an unmanaged dedicated server, you are buying the server and the equipment you will be needing to run it. On the other hand, should you opt for a managed dedicated server you will end up with all of the related equipment you require in addition to support in getting it set up and taken care of. If you make a choice to go with the latter you will merely need to be concerned about the content of your site and very little else.
And so once you’ve identified that you must have a dedicated server and also that it ought to be either managed or unmanaged, you might want to pinpoint where you might get it. In order to discover a very good place to buy your dedicated server solution you should almost certainly lookup the web. There are numerous wonderful web sites that you will swiftly be able to come across and which offer you a large range of products. Product critiques are also numerous on the internet and you will discover ways to find them on almost any product you are interested in acquiring. Working at all this researching previous to actually acquiring a dedicated server will undoubtedly help you in making a very good investment.
Purchasing a dedicated server for your company is a major decision you must make and you need to most certainly not omit the analysis aspect. With such a big decision to make you really should take all the time you need to evaluate your business’s necessities and figure out if you actually need the dedicated server. The benefits that in most cases come with the purchase of a dedicated server are an enhanced business and amplified efficiency. On the other hand, if you make this purchase without needing to you could very well end up melting away a lot of finances. Making the suitable decision concerning your business is easy the moment you find out what the facts are.
Some things you should know about dedicated servers
Therefore should you acquire a dedicated server for your firm? This is going to be a common question on your mind as your business continues to grow. With almost everything in this world getting gradually digitalized, you are going to feel a rising need to secure the data which is important to your company. Exactly how do dedicated servers work and do you require one as well? If you are a company owner or manager then this dilemma could possibly give you a whole lot of headaches. Teaching yourself on dedicated servers and what purpose they have within the business world may at some point provide you with an answer, however as you clearly don’t have time for this, it might help if you used just a moment of your time to read this article through and get familiarized with dedicated servers and what they can do for your company.
Compared with usual shared web hosting solutions, the dedicated server will allow you to own the entire server. Because of this the server is only dedicated to you and you don’t need to share it with someone else. You have a wide variety of dedicated server sorts to choose from, but you should not actually buy one before you know for sure that your organization has to have one.
If you are pondering having a dedicated server for your business, then my guess is that you possess a business website. By checking out your day-to-day internet use you could tell if your company really needs a dedicated server or not. A good hint that you have to shift to a dedicated server is in case you have more than 3,000 visitors on a daily basis. If your current hosting solution can not manage all of the site visitors you receive each day then you might detect slow downs on your site.
When you have completed the research and decided that maybe a dedicated server is what is ideal for you as well as your business, you need to determine just what kind. You will require to opt between managed and unmanaged dedicated servers, the two important types. If you go for an unmanaged dedicated server, you are buying the server and the equipment you will be needing to run it. On the other hand, should you opt for a managed dedicated server you will end up with all of the related equipment you require in addition to support in getting it set up and taken care of. If you make a choice to go with the latter you will merely need to be concerned about the content of your site and very little else.
And so once you’ve identified that you must have a dedicated server and also that it ought to be either managed or unmanaged, you might want to pinpoint where you might get it. In order to discover a very good place to buy your dedicated server solution you should almost certainly lookup the web. There are numerous wonderful web sites that you will swiftly be able to come across and which offer you a large range of products. Product critiques are also numerous on the internet and you will discover ways to find them on almost any product you are interested in acquiring. Working at all this researching previous to actually acquiring a dedicated server will undoubtedly help you in making a very good investment.
Purchasing a dedicated server for your company is a major decision you must make and you need to most certainly not omit the analysis aspect. With such a big decision to make you really should take all the time you need to evaluate your business’s necessities and figure out if you actually need the dedicated server. The benefits that in most cases come with the purchase of a dedicated server are an enhanced business and amplified efficiency. On the other hand, if you make this purchase without needing to you could very well end up melting away a lot of finances. Making the suitable decision concerning your business is easy the moment you find out what the facts are.